Automatic musical instrument.



H. BOCKISCH.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8, 1915.

Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- H. BOCKISCH.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 8, mm.

1,197,574, Patented Sept. 5,1916.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH BOGKISCH, OF POUG-HKEEPSIE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO M. WELTE &SONS, OF NEW YORK, N. 2., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 5, 1916.

Application filed November 8, 1915. Serial No. 60,392.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Hnmuron BOCKISOI-I, a subject of the Emperor ofAustria-Hungary, residing at Poughkeepsie, in the county of Dutchess andState of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inAutomatic Musical Instruments, of which the following is aspecification.

The automatic mechanism forming the essence of the present invention maybe very usefully employed or embodied in, or in connection with, anorgan, orchestrion or other like instrument having tone-emitting lementsfor manual scales and pedal scales, its employment in such case being asa means for selectively operating the toneemitting elements so that thetones emitted will be manual tones alone, pedal tones alone, or bothmanual and pedal tones together, in any of the infinite variety ofcombinations of manual and pedal tones necessary to the proper playingof musical compositions.

In the production of organ compositions, the manual scales as well asthe pedal scales should be operable independently each from the other.This permits, for example, the playing of a chord on a very soft stopasviolinon the first manual, while at the same time a soloin a differenttone color, as

oboeis being played on the second manual and a very deep soft note on a16 foot bourdon is being sounded in the pedal.

The provision of each manual and pedal scale with a separate series oftone-ducts would necessitate. a great number of such ducts and theoperating element (hereinafter called record) for opening and closingthe ducts would have to be correspondingly large. I would have itunderstood that any suitable record may be employed, and that the termrecord wherever used in the description or claims forming part of thisapplication is intended generically to refer to any suitable element foropening and closing the ducts. If this record he a paper perforatedmusic roll, as preferred, its increased size wouldlay it open to seriousobjections owing to its susceptibility to atinospheric changes,difliculties of storage and handling: and a cylinder with projectionsfor opening the ducts also would be objectionable, if large.

One of the important purposes of the presentinvention, therefore, is toprovide an automatic musical instrument with mechanism whereby aplurality'of tone-emitting elements may be controlled from a commontone-duct, the said mechanism being of a selective natur such thateither of the tone emitting elements controlled fromthe common duct maybe sounded alone or they may be sounded together, at will, the se-'element were provided with a separate tone 1 duct.

Another of the important objects of the invention is to accomplish thehereinbefore stated purpose by a pneumatic mechanism of simple andpracticable nature.

These stated purposes or objects and others which will be apparent tothose familiar with the present invention and the art to which it hasreference, are secured by the construction illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic View showing a preferred form of the presentinvention, partly in section and partly in elevation; Fig. 2 is adiagrammatic representation with parts in perspective and section. Fig.3 is a detail representation of a perforated note sheet and part of atracker board, the note sheet having note perforations and controlapertures so correlated that certain notes will be sounded in the manualscale only while other notes will be sounded in both the manual andpedal scales; Fig. 4: is a like view of the same parts showing acorrelation of note perforations and control apertures such that certainnotes will be sounded in the manual scale only and other notes in thepedal scale only; Fig. 5 also is a like view of the same parts but showsa correlation of note perforations and control apertures such thatvarious effects are produced.

Similar characters of reference denote corresponding parts in theseveral views.

A and B designate portions of the wind chest for manual notes and pedalnotes, respectively. These portions are provided with chambers, marked aand b, respectively, to which the tone-emitting elements G and D areconnected. Organ pipes are a desirable form of such tone-emittingelements and hence have been selected, merely, however, to exemplifythis particular part of the invention. There are a series oftoneemitting elements connected with each chamber a and .7), eachelement giving forth a different note and each series forming a scale orset. When, as in an organ, orches trion or the like, it is desired toembody in the instrument a plurality or series of toneproducing elementsgiving forth different qualities of tone of the same note, it is preferred, as is usual in organs, to provide each portion A and B of thewind chest with a plurality of chambers corresponding in number with thenumber of the qualities of tones which are to be produced. To exemplifythis, the portion A of the wind chest appropriated to the manual notesor effects is shown as having two chambers, a and m in addition to thechamber a, and each of said chambers, in practice, has connection with aseries of tone-emitting elements (0 and C which form parts of the manualscale and are preferably so arranged that those elements which emitdifferent qualities of tone of the same note will be in line with eachother but connected to the different chambers, as shown. Similarly, theportion B of the wind chest appropriated to the pedal notes or effectsis, for the sake of example, illustrated as having two chambers, I) andZ), provided with two lines of tone-emitting elements (D and D) ofdifferent qualities of tone, forming parts of the pedal scale. The samelineal arrangement of the elements giving forth different qualities oftones of the same notes, eX- plained with reference to the portion A, isillustrated with respect to the portion B.

The connection between each chamber and the tone-emitting elementsassociated therewith includes a valve of any suitable style for eachtone-emitting element. Each valve is marked 10 in the acompanyingdrawing. These valves open and close pas sages 11 between the chambersand the respective tone-emitting elements. The valves for the elementsemitting different qualities of tones of the same note are connectedwith each other, preferably by rods 12, as shown, having springs 13 forclosing the valves. A mechanism, hereinafter described, is provided foropening the valves against the action of these springs.

The chambers a, a, a 6, 7) are connected with a suitable source ofsupply of air under pressure and have valves l l suitably operated toadmit the air to the respective chambers. In the ordinary hunmanlyplayed organ, these valves 14: are connected with the stops of theorgan. In the present instance, they are operated automatically but theparticularly means for this purpose forms no essential part of thepresent invention and for this reason is not illustrated or describedherein. A suitable arrangement for operating the valves l-lisillustrated in my application numbered, serially 60,39l and filed ofeven date herewith.

The tone ducts are designated 20. These ducts have connection with thevalves 10, through intervening mechanism which forms the essence of thepresent invention. Their mouths preferably are arranged in a trackerboard E, such as is commonly employed in automatic musical instruments,and for opening and closing them I prefer to use a perforated musicroll, as shown at E.

In this invention, certain of the ducts 20 are common to valves 10 ofboth portions A and B of the chest. For example, if the manual chest Ahas tone-emitting elements ranging through a scale of sixty-one (61)notes and the pedal chest 13 has tone-emitting elements ranging througha scale of thirty (80) notes additional to those of the manual chest,the ducts 20 for the lowest thirty notes of the manual scal will beemployed for the pedal scale also, the remaining thirty-one notes of themanual scale having a separate duct for each such note. As thisinvention is concerned only with the scale having ducts common to aplurality of notes, it is considered to be unnecessary to illustrate orto further refer to provision for causing the sounding of the additionalnotes which may be employed in said manual scale.

The mechanism connecting the ducts 20 with the valves 10 include a setof valveoperating pneumatics, as 31f, for the manual effects, a secondset of valve operating pneumatics, as l-lc, for the pedal effects, andconnections between the respective sets of pneumatics and the valves 10.The connections include sets of elements, hereinafter called sticks, 36and l6 of any suitable nature and these sets of elements and the sets ofpneumatics, respectively, are relatively movable into and out ofoperative relation with each other selectively in a manner which causesthe tone-emitting elements of either the manual effects or the pedaleffects alone to speak, or said elements of both effects to speaktogether. The invention includes means for accomplishing such movementautomatically. The means preferred for automatically establishing orbreaking the operative relation between the sets of pneumatics 34: and44. and their respective sets of connections to the valves operated bythe latter, comprise primary pneumatics J and K for the manual effectsand pedal elfects respectively. Preferably, it is the valve-operatingconnections, rather than the valve-operating pneumatics which aremovable in the establishing or breaking of the operative connectionbetween the pneumatics and the valves, and in such case, the sets ofsticks 36 and 46 are preferably pivotally mounted to have lateralmovement toward andaway from their respective sets of pneumatics 34 and44, and are connected to suitable means, as the hereinafter referred toboards 55 and 56, for example, which are moved by or under control ofsuitable pneumatic motors, as the bellows 61 and 62, for example,connected with the primary pneumatics J and K, respectively.

The operating pneumatics 34 and 44 are operated by the opening andclosing of the tone ducts 20, through suitable intermediate pneumaticconnections therewith. These connections preferably include a member Fhaving a series of chambers 23 provided with ports 24 and 25 throughwhich they have communication with sources of air at diilferentpressuresas air under suction and at atmospheric pressure, forexamplethe said chambers having independently operable valves 27 whichare operated or controlled by the opening and closing of the tone ducts20 and open and close the ports 24 and 25 alternately. I prefer to soarrange the parts that one set of sticks-the sticks 36, for examplewillbe normally in operative relation with their respective operatingpneumatics, while the other set of sticks will be normally out ofoperative relation with their respective pneumatics. When the parts areso arranged the chambers 23 will preferably have connection with bothsets of pneumatics 34 and 44 through pipes or ducts 35 and 35respectively. In such case, moreover, a second member G, which ispreferably similar in construction to the member F and hence has itsparts similarly designated, a channeled valved board 48 and pneumatics52 are interposed in the connection between the sticks 46. and the rods12 of the speaker valves 10 of the pedal chest, the pneumatics 52serving as secondary operating pneumatics for the pedal valves 10. Whenthe parts are so arranged the sticks 46 will operate valves 47 whichcontrol the admission of atmospheric air to the channels 49 of the board48, the channels of said board having connection with the member G.

Having thus set forth the invention in a general way, I will now proceedto enter into a detailed explanation of the construction of partsselected to exemplify what I at present regard as being the preferredembodiment.

As already stated, the connections between the ducts 20 and the speakervalves 10 include two members-F and G. Each of these members may be ofany approved nature and construction. The preferred form of each memberF and G comprises a chest having a passage 21, on one side of which aseries of chambers, 22, are arranged and on the opposite side of which alike series of chambers, 23, are disposed. The chambers 23 havecommunication with the passage 21 through ports 24 and also have ports25 through which they have communication with an additional passage 26provided in the chest, the said passage 26 containing air at a higherpressure from that in the passage 21. The ports 24 and 25 of eachchamber 23 are opened and closed by a valve 27, as already stated. Eachvalve has a stem 28 connected to a flexible membrane 29. These membranesare disposed between the respective chambers 22 and the passage 21 inposition to be independently operated by the variations in pressure ofthe air in the chambers 22 and passage 21. The chambers 22 of the memberF are severally connected to the ducts 20, which are shown as enteringthem below the membranes. They are also severally connected with thepassage 21 by bleed holes 30. Accordingly, it will be noted that I haveprovided, in an inexpensive and practicable form, a member having aseries of pneumatics including chambers 23 having ports (24 and 25)through which they severally have communication with passages containingair of relatively different pressures, alternately, the said chambers 23having valves (27) which are moved to open or close the portsalternately, under control of predetermined variations in the pressuredifference of air in one of said passages (as 21) and the chamber 22,and it will further be noted that this variation is in turn controlledby the opening and closing of the ducts 20 which, as already stated, mayconveniently be effected by the utilization of a properly prepared musicroll traveling over a tracker board. In practice, it is preferred toutilize in the passage 21, air at less than atmospheric pressure, and insuch case the passage 26 will preferably contain air at atmosphericpressure, being, preferably, in the latter instance open to theatmosphere through the openings 31. For maintaining less thanatmospheric pressure in the passage 21, I preferably connect saidpassage by a pipe 32 with a reservoir H in which a substantiallyconstant suction is suitably maintained by means not necessary herein toillustrate.

The member G exemplified in the drawings is of construction similar tothat of the member F and hence need not be described in detail, itsseveral parts being given ref-' erence numbers corresponding to thoseapplied to the member F. The passage 21 of the member G is connectedwith the suction reservoir H by a pipe 33.

The operating pneumatics 84 are preferably a series of bellows havingcommunica tion with the chambers 23 of themember F, respectively,through passages Each stick 36 preferably has one of its ends pivoted toa member of a bell-crank lever 37 and its other end bent, as shown at36, and arranged in the path of a projection 3% which protrudes from themovable board of the adjacent operating bellows. The other members ofthe bell crank levers 37 are preferably connected to the valve rods 12,respectively. The member F as already stated also has its chambers 23severally connected with the second series of operating pneumatics 1+2,which preferably are in the form of bellows having projections li, theconnection between the bellows and chambers 23 being preferably effectedthrough the pipes 35. The projections 11 are arranged to engage bentends 4:6 of the sticks 16. These sticks -16 are preferably connected tovalves -il7 which severally control communication of the chambers 22 ofthe member G with the atmosphere. In the form herein shown, the valves4-7 are associated with a board 4.8 having separate chambers or passages19 provided with ducts at one end which are opened and closed-by thevalves 17, respectively, and having at their other ends pipes or tubesby which they are respectively connected to the chambers 22 of themember G. The valves 47 are carried by spring arms 17, the resilience ofwhich returns the sticks +16 to their raised positions and closes saidvalves while the operating pneumatics it are expanding and consequentlyhave released the sticks.

The chambers 23 of the member G are severally connected, preferably bypipes 51, with a series of pneumatics, preferably bellows, 52, which inturn are connected to the respective rods 12 of the 'alves 10 of thepedal chest Bpreferably by rods 53 and belleranks 5 1.

As already stated, one set of sticks are normally in operative relationwith their operating pneumatics, while the other set of sticks arenormally out of operative relation with their operating pneumatics. Inthe illustrated exemplilication of the invention, the sticks 36 arenormally in operative relation with the pneumatics 81 and the sticks 4:6are normally out of operative relation with the pneumatics ll. The setsof sticks are respectively provided with means for moving themrelatively to the respective operating pnemnatics, said means includingmovable elements, 55 and 56, which movable elements as previously statedare preferably boards, and the boards are provided with apertures 55 and56 through which the sticks 36 and 16 respectively extend, said sticksbeing held in operative relation with the boards by springs 55 and 56.These boards are moved automaticallyunder control of the music roll E,or other selected record-by what may be termed control pneumatics J andK, hereinafter referred to, for the pedal and manual effects,respectively. These pneumatics preferably include chambers 57 and 58,respectively connected with the suction chamber H, by pipes or passages5'7 and 58. They also include chambers 59 and 60 respectively connectedby pipes or passages 59 and (30 with bellows (31 and 62, or othersuitable means which may be pneumatically operated to move the boards 55and 56, respectively. The movable boards of the bellows 61 and (32 areconnected with the boards 55 and 56, respectively, by links 61 and (32,and springs 61 and (32 are employed to move said boards in opposition tothe bellows. The control pneumatics J and K are further provided,respectively, with chambers 63 and (it which are separated from thechambers 57 and 58 by flexible membranes 65 and 66 and are provided withpipes or passages 67 and 68 through which they may have communicationwith the atmosphere, these pipes preferably having their months in thetracker board E, so that they may be opened and closed by specialapertures in the music roll. The membranes 65 and 66 are connected tothe stems 69 and 70 of valves 71 and 72 which are mounted in thechambers 59 and 60, respectively. The chamber 59 has openings 73 and 71on opposite sides, and the chamber (30 has like openings, 75 and 76, onopposite sides. The openings 7-1 and 7 (3 are to the atmosphere and theopenings 73 and 75 extend to the chambers 57 and 58. These openings arecontrolled by the valves 71 and 72. The chambers (53 and 6% areconnected with the passages 57 and 58 by bleed holes 7 7 and 78.

Having thus set forth in detail, this preferred embodiment of theinvention, I will now describe the operation thereof, as follows :Asalready stated, the ducts 20 are those which are common to both manualand pedal tones, the opening and closing of the ducts 67 and 6Sdetermining whether the tones emitted are manual tones only, or pedaltones only, or both manual and pedal tones together. \Vhen the parts arearranged as herein shown, the tones of the manual only will speak whenboth ducts 67 and (38 are closed, as shown: it being noted that thesticks 86 are in position to be operated by the bellows 3-1 while thesticks 16 are in such relation to the bellows l-l that their bent ends46 are outside the path of movement of the projections 44 from thebellows. If now a tone aperture of the music roll is brought intoregistration with a mouth of a duct 20, the latter will be opened, thusopening to the atmosphere the particular chamber 22 of the particularmember F connected therewith. This will cause the particular membrane 29which is influenced by the pressure in said chamber to raise and liftthe valve 27 connected with the membrane, thereby establishingcommunication of the appropriate chamber 23 with the channel 21 andcutting off communication of said chamber with the atmosphere. Theparticular bellows 34 and 44 connected with the cham ber 23 whose valvehas been thus raised, will now be collapsed, the collapsing of thebellows 34 actuating the corresponding stick 36 and thereby opening thevalve or valves 10 connected with said arm; while the collap ing of theother bellows, 44, will have no effect upon the stick 46 associatedtherewith. As soon as the aperture in the music roll which caused thisparticular operation to take place has passed out of registration withthe tracker-board duct, the chamber 22 is closed to the atmosphere, andthe membrane 29 returns to its former position, where it remains untilthe chamber 22 is again opened to the atmosphere, the subnormal pressurewhich reaches the underside of the membrane through the bleed hole 30assisting the force of gravity in keeping the membrane in this position,normally. It will be understood that the valve 27 connected with themembrane returns with the latter and closes communication between. itschamber 23 and the passage 21 and opens communication of said chamberwith the atmosphere. Air at atmospheric pressure now enters thecollapsed bellows 34 and 44 cansing the latter to expand and be readyfor another operatlon.

hen both of the ducts 67 and 68 are opened to the atmosphere (whichoccurs when special apertures in the music roll aresimultaneously inregistration with the mouths of said ducts) thevpedal tones only willspeak, for the reason that the valves 71 and 72 of both primarypneumatics J and K will be raised, thereby causing the bellows 61 and 62to collapse: the collapsing of the bellows 62 drawing the board 56 withit and this board moving the several sticks 46 into position such thattheir bent ends 46 will be in the path of movement of the projections 44from the bellows 44, while the collapsing of the bellows 61 draws theboard 55, the sticks 36 moving with said board out 01 operative relationwith the bellows 34. Accordingly, the opening of any one of the ducts 20will collapse the particular bellows 44 and 34 having connectiontherewith, the collapsing of the bellows 34 having no effect while thecollapsing of the bellows 44 will cause the particular valve 47connected therewith to be operated to open a channel 49, thereby openingto the atmosphere the particular chamber 22 of the chest G which i thesuction reservoir H. This causes the.

particular bellows 52 which is connected with the particular chamber 23referred to, to be collapsed and to operate the rod 12 connected withthe particular valve or valves 10 opened by said bellows 52. If bothmanual and pedal tones are to be simultaneously emitted, the duct 68only is opened through a special aperture in the music roll. This causescollapsing of the bellows 62 which moves the board 56 and consequentlythe sticks 46 into position such that their bent ends 46 will be in thepaths of downward movement of the projections 44 whereby the operatingof any one or more of corresponding bellows 34 and 44, will operatecorresponding sticks 36 and 46, and open corresponding valves 10, itbeing remembered that the sticks 36 are normally in the paths ofdownward movement of the projections 34 respectively. The duct 67 isnever open alone. When both of the special apertures of the music rollwhich caused this operation have passed out of registration with thespecial ducts of the tracker board, the valves of the primary pneumaticsJ and K return to their former positions, thereby causing air to beadmitted to the collapsed bellows 61 and 62, the springs 61 and 62assisting the entering air to expand said bellows and to return theboards 55 and 56 to the position shown in the drawings. It should benoted that the passing of the special apertures of the music roll out ofregistration with the special duct 67 or ducts 67 and 68 can have noeffect upon any operating bellows connected at that moment with an opentone duct or ducts 20, for the reason that said bellows will remaincollapsed as long as their ducts are open, respectively. Accordingly, itwill be apparent that while the closing of the special duct 68 or ofboth ducts 67 and 68 will effect, corresponding movement of the board 56or of both boards 55 and 56 and of sticks which are associated withclosed tone ducts, yet tones which at that moment are being sounded areunaffected because the bellows corresponding to the open tone ductsremain collapsed and hold their sticks against movement with theirrespective boards. When these tone ducts are again closed thecorresponding bellows expand and release the sticks and the springs 55or 56 connecting the latter with the boards thereupon become operativeto draw the sticks into operative relation with the boards. When thesticks have been released from their operating bellows they areautomatically returned to their raised positions, the sticks 36 by thesprings 13 and the sticks 46 by the "resilience of the arms 47.

In view of the fact that there can be no movement of the particularsticks 86 and 46 while their respective operating bellows 8i and it areengaged therewith and are under suction and hence collapsed, it followsthat the opening or closing of control ducts has no effect on toneswhich at the moment of such opening or closing are being sounded. Theopening or closing of control ducts, however, does effect the movementof sticks associated withbellows 3 land i l which are not under suctionwhen said control ducts have been opened or closed. Hence by the use ofa properly prepared record it is practicable to sound any note or notesof the pedal scale With any note or notes of the manual scale withoutaffecting other notes already being played, and similarly other notes ofeither the pedal or manual scales may be introduced. For example, asexemplified by Figs. 3, 4 and 5, when a perforated music roll isutilized as the record, the special perforations 67, 68 which controlthe ducts 67 and 68 act only in relation to those tones which arecontrolled by note perforations 2O whose forward ends are substantiallyin line with the rear ends of the control apertures: that is to say,only those corresponding tones controlled by the perforations, 20 aresounded simultaneously in both the pedal and manual scales, when thecontrol duct 67 is open and the control duct 68 is closed, asexemplified by Figs. 3 and 5, the tones controlled by the otherperforations, 20*, whether the latter be already in registration withrespective tone-ducts 20 or later come into registration with ductswhile the perforation 20 is in registration with a duct 20, soundingonly in the manual scale: and similarly, as exemplified by Figs. 4: and5, only those corresponding tones controlled by perforations 20 aresounded in the pedal scale alone when both control ducts 67 and 68 areopen, the tones controlled by the note perforations 20" sounding only inthe manual scale. It will be noted that the production of variouseffects are exemplified by Fig. 5, namely, the lowest right handperforation 20 causes the sounding of a note in the manual alone andjust before this is discontinued a chord consisting of six notes in themanual is introduced with two supporting notes in the pedal, the pedalnotes corresponding with two of the notes sounding in the manual; thisis followed by the discontinuance of five notes of the chord sounding inthe manual and one of the corresponding notes of the pedal, theremaining note continuing to sound in both manual and pedal, unaffectedby the opening of the two control ducts (37, (38, the opening of saidcontrol ducts similarly having no effect with respect to the two noteswhich are" caused to sound by the registration of the two noteperforations 20 in the second line with their respective tone ducts,these two notes hence sounding in the manual alone while the one longnote is continuing to sound in both pedal and manual; this in turn isfollowed by the discontinuance of the long note referred to in bothpedal and manual and the introduction at or about the same time of anote in the pedal alonccontrolled by said opening of the two ducts (37,68while the two notes previously referred to, related to the second lineof note perforations are being sounded in the manual alone: this issucceeded by the discontinl'iance of the manual notes corresponding tothe second line of perforations and the introduction of other manualnotes alone, correspending to the third line of perforations,immediately before the sounding of the pedal note corresponding to thesecond line of note perforations ceases, and while these notes of themanual alone are still sounding an additional note is introduced whichsounds in both the pedal and manual and while the latter is soundinganother note in the manual only is introduced.

It will be understood of course that the length of the special controlapertures should be such proportional to the speed of travel of themusic roll and the inertia of the pneumatic valves and boards and 56thatall the sticks which are not held by collapsed bellows will be promptlyreturned to their normal positions.

I would have it understood, among other things, that the invention maybe embodied in an instrument having provision for playing it humanly aswell as automatically, or may be embodied in an instrument confined toautomatic playing and that in either case any suitable means for openingand closing the tone ducts may be employed, and that other tone-emittingelements, or speakers, than pipes may be used: and, further, that theparts may be arranged to be operated by air of other relativelydifferent pressures than atmospheric or normal and less than atmosphericor subnormal: all without departing from the spirit of the invention orthe scope of the subjoined claims. I also would have it understood thatwhile refer ence herein has been particularly made to an organ or thelike having one manual scale and a pedal scale, the invention is in nowise restricted to two scales only, and that the claims whetherreferring to two scales or to a plurality of scalesare intended toinclude either two scales or more than two scales of tone-emittingelements: such additional scale or scales may be embodied merely byadding a control duct and a se ries of valve-operating pneumatics andconnections between the latter and the tone-emitting elements, for eachsuch additional scale, together with the necessary additional ele mentscorresponding to those herein shown and described for accomplishing thenecessary operations of the operatingpneumatics and adjustments of theconnections. The operating characteristics of such additional scale orscales will preferably be similar to those described with relation tothe pedal scale, that is to say, the sticks of the additional scale willnormally be out of operative relation with their respective operatingpneumatics. As it is apparent that such additional scale or scales arenot only contemplated but may be provided by those skilled in the artand familiar with the present construction, it is considered to beunnecessary to illustrate or to set the same forth more particularlyherein.

Having now described the invention what I believe to be new and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communica tion with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneu-.

matics for each scale of tone-emitting elements, operative connectionsbetween the respective operating pneumatics and toneemitting elements ofeach series, each of the said operating pneumatics and a member of itsconnection being relatively movable into or out of operative relationwith each other independently of every other operating pneumatic andconnection member, and record controlled means for causing suchmovement, whereby any one or more tones in either scale may be soundedalone or any one or more tones in one scale may be sounded incombination with any one or more of the tones in the other scale.

2. In a record controlled musical instru-' ment, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of-either scale aloneor any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanisminclud ing a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respectiveoperating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, each oithe said operating Pneumatics and a member of its connection beingrelatively movable into or out of operative relation with each otherindependently oi every other operating pneumatic and connection-member,control ducts the opening and closing of which controls such relativemovement of the operating pneumatic s and their connection members, anda record for controlling the tone ducts and the control ducts.

In a record controlled n'iusical instrument, the combination of aplurality of series of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone-ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respectiveoperating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements, of each series, each ofthe said operating pneumatics and a member of its connection beingrelatively movable into or out of operative relation with each otherindependently of every other operating pneumatic and connection member,control ducts the opening and closing of which controls such relativemovement of the operating pneumatics and their connection members and anote sheet having tone perforations and control apertures, said sheetbeing movable over the tone and control ducts and controlling the same.

4. In a record controlled musical instrument the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each,scale oftone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respectiveoperating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, each ofthe said operating pneumatics and a member of its connection beingrelatively movable into or out of operative relation with each otherindependently of every other operating pneumatic and connection member,control ducts the opening and closing of which controls such relativemovement of the operating pneumatics and their connection members, and anote sheet having tone perforations and control apertures, said sheetbeing movable over the tone and control ducts and controlling the same,the rear ends of the control apertures'being disposed substantially inline with the front ends of note perforations related to tones which areto be controlled by said apertures.

In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of a.plurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or noncorresponding elements of both scales together,into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism including aseries of operating pneumatics for each scale of tone-emitting elements,operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics andtone-emitting ele ments of each series, the latter connections includingmembers which are movable into or out of operative relation with theirrespective operating pneumatics and are independently operated by thelatter to control the operation of the respective tone-emittingelements.

6. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of: the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respectiveopcrating pneumatics and tone-emittii'ig elements of each series, thelatter connections including members which are movable into or out ofoperative relation with their re spcctive operating pnuematics and areindependently operated by the latter to control the operation of therespective tone-emitting elements, and means for accomplishing themovement of each of the last named members at a. predetermined time withrelation to the operation of the operating pneumatics.

7. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of toueemitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the toncemitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respective operating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, the latterconnections including elements which are movable into or out ofoperative relation with their respective operating pneumatics and areindependently operated by the latter to control the operation of therespective toneemitting elements; mechanism, including control ducts,for accomplishing the movement of the last named elements at apredetermined time with relation to the operation of the operatingpneumatics, and a record having means for selectively opening andclosing the tone ducts and also having means for opening and closing thecontrol ducts severally, the last named means bearing a definiterelationship to the first, such that the tone ducts related to toneswhich are to be sounded under control of said control duct or ductswill. be opened substantially at the moment that said control duct orducts are closed.

8. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality oil. scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respectiveoperating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, thelatter connections including elements which are morable into or out ofoperative relation with their respective operating pneumatics and areindependently operated by the latter to control the operation of therespective tone-emitting elements; mechanism, including control ducts,for accomplishing the movement of the last named QlGD'lO-lltS at apredetermined time with relation to the operation of the operatingpneumatics, and a perforated music roll for selectively opening andclosing the tone ducts, said roll also having apertures to register withthe control ducts, the latter apertures being arranged withtheir rearends substantially in line with the front ends of the perforationsrelated to tones which are to be controlled.

9. A record controlled musical instrument comprising a plurality ofscales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone ducts common to thescales of tone-emitting elements and mechanism to selectively operatepredetermined elements of either scale alone or of both scales togetherfrom the series of tone ducts common to both scales, the said mechanismcomprising a series of collapsible operating pneumatics for each scale,connections between the operating-pneumatics and the tone-ducts,connections between the operating pneumatics and the tone-emittingelements, respecducts common to the scales of tone-emitting elements andmechanism to selectively operate predetermined elements of either scalealone or of both scales together from the series of tone ducts common toboth scales, the said mechanism comprising a series of collapsibleoperating pneumatics for each scale, connections between the operatingpneumatics and the tone-ducts, connections between the operatingpneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, respectively, the latterconnections including a series of longitudinally movable, laterallymovable members for each scale, a movable board for each series of saidmembers, springs connecting the members with their boards, andautomatically operable, pneumaticallycontrolled means for moving theboards independently of each other, the latter means including controlducts and means for opening and closing the control ducts at predetermined times with relation to the opening of tone ducts related totones which are to be controlled.

11. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, .into' communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding sets of valve-operating pneumatics, sets of connectionsbetween the sets of pneumatics and the valves, means for operating thepneumatics and means for relatively moving the respective sets ofoperating pneumatics and connections selectively into and out ofoperative relation with each other.

12. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of toneemitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of,

the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one or morecorresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales together,into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanism includingsets of valve-operating pneumatics, sets of connections between the setsof pneumatics and the valves, means for operating the pneumatics andpneumatically controlled means for relatively moving the respective setsof operating pneumatics and connections selectively into and out ofoperative relation with each other.

13. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales, and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftone-emitting elements, op

erative connections between the respective operating pneumatics andtoneemitting elements 01": each series, said connections includingsticks, mechanism for operating the operating pneumatics, and means forrelatively moving the sets of sticks and operating pneumatics,respectively, intoor out of operative relation with each otherselectively.

14. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftone-emitting elements, operative' connections between the respectiveoperating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each seris, saidconnections including sticks, mechanism for operating the operatingpneumatics, and pneumatically controlled means for relatively moving thesets of sticks and operating pneumatics, respectively, into or out ofoperative relation with each other selectively.

15. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of toneductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scales.together, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanisminclud ing a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respectiveoperating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, the saidconnections including sets of pivotally supported longitudinally movablesticks, means for operating the operating pneumatics, and meansfor'selectively moving the sets of sticks re.-

spectively pivotally into or out of operative relation with the sets ofoperating pneumatics.

16. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising tone-emittingelements, operating pneumatics, connections between the operatingpneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, the said connectionsincluding members which are severally operable under control of therespective operating pneumatics and are movable relatively to theoperating pneumatics into and out of operative relation with the latter,and means for moving the members relatively to the operating pneumatics,the said means including elements which move the members toward theoperating pneumatics and the said members being further severallymovable away from their respective operating pneumatics and toward saidelements.

17. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising tone-emittingelements, operating pneumatics, tone ducts having connection with theoperating pneumatics, connections between the operating pneu matics andthe tone-emitting elements, the said connections including members whichare mounted to be movable into and out of operative relation with theoperating pneumatics, means for accomplishing such move ment of saidmembers, the said members also being severally movable with theirrespective operating pneumatics and severally held against movement awayfrom the respective operating pneumatics when the latter are incommunication with open tone ducts.

18. A. record controlled musical instrument, comprising tone-emittingelements, expansible and collapsible operating pneu matics, 'connectionsbetween the operating pneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, thesaid connections including members which are severally movablelongitudinally under control of the respective operating pneumatics andare severally movable laterally into and outlet operative relation withthe latter, and means for moving the members relatively to the operatingpneumatics, including elements which permit individual members to beheld by their respective operating pneumatics when the latter arecollapsed and accomplish their movement away from the operatingpneumatics when said pneumatics are expanded.

19. A record controlled musical instrument comprising tone-emittingelements, expansible and collaspisble operating pneumatics,connectionsbetween the operating pneumatics and the tone-emitting elements, thesaid connections including members which are severally movablelongitudinally under control of the respective operating pneumatics andare severally movable laterally lnto and out of operative relation withthe latter and means for moving the members relatively to the operatingpneumatics, the said moving means including movable boards and springsconnecting the boards with said members.

20. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-eorrespending elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftoneemitting elements, operative connections between the respectiveoperating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, one setof connections including members which are normally in operativerelation with a set of operating pneumatics and the other having acorresponding set of members which are normally out of operativerelation with the other set of operating pneumatics, and means forseverally moving the said sets of members into or out of operativerelation with their respective sets of operating pneumatics.

21. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftoneemitting elements, operative connections between the respective ope'ating pneumatics and tonee1nitting elements of each series, one set ofconnections including members which are normally in operative relationwith a set of operating pneumatics and the other having a correspondingset of members which are normally out of operative relation with theother set of operating pneumatics, primary pneumatics having meansthrough which they may be vented severally 01' together, motorsconnected with the primary pneumatics, respectively, and connectionsbetween the motors and the said sets of members, whereby the members aremoved relatively to their operating pneunatics.

2 In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respectiveoperating pneumatics and tone-emitting elements of each series, the saidconnections including longitudinally movable pivoted members, a movableboard for moving each set of said members pivotally, springs connectingthe members with their boards, and automatically operable pneumaticallycontrolled means for moving the boards independently of each other.

23. In a record controlled musical instrument, the combination of aplurality of scales of tone-emitting elements, a series of tone-ductscommon to said plurality of scales and mechanism to bring any one ormore of the tone-emitting elements of either scale alone or any one ormore corresponding or non-corresponding elements of both scalestogether, into communication with their tone ducts, the said mechanismincluding a series of operating pneumatics for each scale oftone-emitting elements, operative connections between the respectiveoperating pneumatics and tone-emitting ele ments of each series, thesaid connections including sets of longitudinally movable.

pivoted members, moving boards for therespective sets of said members,springs for holding the members in operative relation with the boards,pneumatic motors having connection with the respective boards, springsacting in opposition to the motors, and means, including primary controlvalves, having connection with the respective motors for operating thesame independently of each other to selectively move the sets of membersrespectively into or out of operative relation with the sets ofoperating pneumatics.

24. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising sets of valvedtone-emitting elements, sets of operating pneumatics for the sets oftone-emitting elements, respectively, means having valved chambers eachof which has communication with corresponding operating pneumatics ofboth sets, a set of connections between one set of operating pneumaticsand the valves of one set of tone-emitting elements, means forautomatically establishing or breaking the operative relation betweensaid connections and their respective operating pneumatics, anadditional set of operating pneumatics, connections between the latterand the valves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, means foroperating the additional set of operating pneumatics, the latter meanshaving connection to the other of the first mentioned set of'operatingpneumatics, and means for establishing or breaking the last namedconnections.

25. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising sets of valvedtone-emitting elements, a first and a second set of operating pneumaticsfor the sets of toneemitting elements, respectively, means provided withtone-ducts and having communication with both sets of operatingpneumatics, whereby corresponding pneumatics of both sets will beoperated when the toneduct associated therewith is opened or closed,first and second sets of valve-operating members associated with thesets of operating pneumatics respectively, the first set of said membersbeing normally in operative relation with the first set of operatingpneumatics and the second set of members being normally out of operativerelation with the second set of pneumatics, means for selectively movingthe respective sets of members and operating pneumatics into or out ofoperative relation with each other, means connecting the first set ofmembers with the valves of one set of tone-emitting elements, and meansconnecting the second set of members with the valves of the other set oftone-emitting elements, the latter means including ducts having valveswhich %re connected with said second set of memers.

26. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising sets of valvedtone-emitting elements, a first and a second set of operating pneumaticsfor the sets of toneemitting elements, respectively, means provided withtone-ducts and havmg communication with both sets of operatingpneumatics, whereby corresponding pneumatics of both sets will beoperated when .the toneduct associated therewith is opened or closed, aset of sticks for the first set of operating pneumatics, normally inoperative relation therewith, connections between the said set of sticksand the valves of one set of tone-emitting elements, a set of sticks forthe second set of operating pneumatics, normally out of operativerelation therewith, connections between the second set of sticks and thevalves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, the latterconnections including a valved chest and a channeled board havingconnection with the chest and provided with ducts having valvesrespectively connected to said sticks, the sets of sticks be ingindependently movable into and out of operative relation with therespective sets of operating pneumatics, and means for so of both setswill be operated when the toneduct associated therewith is opened orclosed, a set of sticks for the first set of operating pneumatics,normally in operative relation therewith, connections between the saidset 01 sticks and the valves of one set of tone-emitting elements, a setof sticks for the second set of operating pneumatics, normally out ofoperative relation therewith, connections between the second set ofsticks and the valves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, thelatter connections including a valved chest provided with ducts havingvalves respectively connected to said sticks, the sets of sticks beingindependently movable into and out of operative relation with therespective sets of operating pneumatics, and means for so moving them,com prising primary pneumatics having ducts the opening or closing ofwhich controls the operation of the pneumatics, pneumatically operablemotors connected with the primary pneumatics, respectively, andoperative connections between the motors and the respective sets ofsticks.

28. A record controlled musical instrument, connprising sets of valvedtone-emitting elements, a first and a second set of operating pneumaticsfor the sets of tone-emitting elements, respectively, means providedwith tone-ducts and having communication with both sets of operatingpneumatics, whereby corresponding pneumatics of both sets will beoperated when the tone-duct associated therewith is opened or closed, aset of pivotally and longitudinally movable sticks for the first set ofoperating pneumatics, normally in-operative relation therewith,connections between the said set of sticks and the valves of one set oftone-emitting elements, a set of pivotally and longitudinally movablesticks for the second set ol operating pneumatics, normally out ofoperative relation therewith, connections between the second set ofsticks and the valves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, thelatter connections including a valved Copies of this patent may beobtained for chest and a channeled board having connection with thechest and provided with ducts having valves respectively connected tosaid sticks, and mechanism for independently moving the respective setsof sticks pivotally, the said mechanism including a movable board foreach set and means for moving said board automatically.

29. A record controlled musical instrument, comprising sets of valvedtone-emitting elements, a first and. a second set of operatingpneumatics for the sets of toneemitting elements, respectively, meansprovided with tone-ducts and having communication with both sets ofoperating pneumatics, whereby corresponding pneumatics of both sets willbe operated when the tone-duct associated therewith is opened or closed,a set of pivotally and longitudinally movable sticks for the first setof operating pneumatics, normally in operative relation therewith,connections between the said set of sticks and the valves of one set oftone-emitting elements, a set of pivotally and longitudinally movablesticks for the second set of operating pneumatics, normally out ofoperative relation therewith, connections between the second set ofsticks and the valves of the other set of tone-emitting elements, thelatter connections including a valved chest and a channeled board havingconnect-ion with the chest and provided with ducts having valvesrespectively connected to said sticks, and mechanism for independentlymoving the respective sets of sticks pivotally, the said mechanismincluding a movable board for each set, springs connecting the sticks tothe boards, and means for moving the boards, the last named means beingcontrolled by the opening and closing of special control ducts.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

HEINRICH BOCKISCH. Witnesses MARIAN L. TIMMINS, J orIN Roan.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner 0! Patents. Washington,D. 0.?

